This landlocked country, often referred to as the 'Mountain Kingdom', is entirely surrounded by South Africa. Its economy relies heavily on diamond exports and water resources.

1. It is the only independent state in the world that lies entirely above 1,000 meters in elevation.
2. It has the highest low point of any country in the world, at 1,400 meters above sea level.
3. It is a constitutional monarchy led by King Letsie III.
4. It is a major exporter of water to South Africa via the Lesotho Highlands Water Project.